1. An advanced state of human society, in which a high level of culture, science, industry, and government has been reached.

2. The art and craft of creating objects, usually jewelry, from gold or other precious metals.

3. A high-ranking military officer, often in charge of a specific military force or region.

4. The original inhabitants of a particular region, with a distinct culture and language.

5. The act of establishing, creating, or setting up something, such as a city, an organization, or an institution.